Building construction



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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Nov. lO, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I l2 q y A TTORNE Y6,

Patented Apr. 21, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Arthur N. Doud, East Cleveland, Ohio Application November 10, 1933, Serial No. 697,497

11 Claims. (Cl. 189--36) The present invention relates to new and useful improvements in building construction, and more particularly to the construction of portable metal buildings and to the structural units employed in connection therewith.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved wall or other building structure wherein the structural units may be readily and quickly fitted together and connected with a minimum amount of expense and wherein the structure is Well adapted to exclude the passage oi heat and cold therethrough and wherein the transmission of sound vibrations therethrough may be eifectively prevented.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved metal wall construction wherein parallel horizontal beams are supported and effectively interlocked with a plurality of upright columns without the necessity of employing any riveting or welding operations.

A still further object of the invention is t0 provide a highly efficient and thoroughly reliable interlocking joint between the vertical and hori- Zontal construction members in a wall or other building structure.

The invention still further aims to provide an improved metal wall structure, of the type referred to, which may be quickly and inexpensively erected and which may be just as readily dis-assembled with practically no waste of building material.

These and other objects of the invention will in part be obvious and will be hereinafter more fully pointed out.

I n the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary view, in perspective, showing a supporting sill.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view, in perspective, showing a top supporting plate.

Fig. 3 is a perspective View, showing one of the vertical columns.

Fig. 4 is a side elevation showing the assembly of the sill, top plate and vertical column.

Fig. 5 is an end view of the same, taken along line 5 5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a detail view showing the retaining plate which holds the vertical column in place on the sill.

Fig. 7 is a side elevation showing a typical assembly of the units in a wall structure.

Fig. 8 is an end view of the same, taken along line 8-8 oi Fig. 7.

Fig, 9 is a top plan View of the same, taken along line 9-9 of Fig. '7.

Referring more in detail to the accompanying drawings, and particularly at this time to Figs. l through 6, the upright or vertical column or stud I0 is shown, for purposes of illustration, in the form of a T-bar although it is to be clearly understood that such a form is not essential in the carrying out of the present invention. 'Ihis upright column I@ consists of a central web portion II and two wing or flange portions I2, I3 which extend at right angles from one edge of the web II. The upper edge Ila of the web portion II is provided with a notch or recess I4 and the lower edge I Ib of the web is provided with a similar notch or recess I5 which is in line with the recess I4 in the opposite end thereof. Directly above the recess I5 is an opening I6 in the web and this opening is also in alignment with the notch I4 in the upper edge of the web. On each side of the web I I and intermediate the ends thereof is secured, in any suitable manner, an angle member Il. The portion I8 of the member I'I is `adapted to extend away from the web in spaced parallel relation with respect to the wing or flange portions I2, I3 of the stud I0.

A supporting sill or beam I9, to which the stud I0 is adapted to be connected, consists of a channel member having upstanding flange or side portions 2d. There are a series of identical cutout portions or recesses 2l in each side of the supporting sill I9 and these recesses are arranged in alternate staggered relationship with respect to each other. The sides 2] of the channel member I9 are cut so as to provide a tab or projection 22 which extends laterally and partially into each of the recesses ZI. The width of each recess 2I is substantially twice the thickness of the web portion II of the stud II] and the projection 22 is of a length slightly less than the thickness of the web. A top plate or beam 23, which is adapted to be connected to the upper side of the studs It when the structure is completed, consists of a channel member having depending side or ange portions 24. There are a series of recesses or notches 25 in the sides 24 of the plate 23 and these recesses are located therein symmetrically with respect to the notches 2| in the sides of the sill I9.

The above-mentioned structural units are assembled in a novel manner which insures a strong and durable construction and this assembly will now be described. The supporting sill I9 is placed upon a suitable foundation and a vertical column I9 is placed thereon with the wing portions l2, I3 on the outside thereof and with the base of the notch I5 resting upon the base of the notch ZI in the side of the sill so that the edges IIb of the web lI overhang the side 2D of the sill I9, When the stud I Il has been so placed, it is shifted toward the projection 22 in the sill flange E@ and this projection22 and the opening I@ in the web II are formed so that the projection will iit within the opening and the face of the web II will bear against the edge of the sill flange 20. Since the length of the projection 22 is not greater than the width f the web II, a retaining plate 26 may be fitted between one face of the web and the opposite edge of the recess 2|. This retaining plate 26 is likewise provided with a notch 2l which nts over the side of the sill within the recess 2l, so that the edges 2a thereof will overhang the side of the sill when the plate 26 is driven down into firm engagement. In this manner, the retaining plate 26 serves as a wedging or securing member to firmly hold the stud I0 in position on the sill I9. An opening 28 in the retaining plate 26 is provided so that it may be readily removed when it is desired to dis-assemble the units. The plate 26 completely fills the space between the edge of the side of the sill and the face of the web I I so that there is no movement between the units. The several upright studs IU are connected to the sill in this manner and in alternate staggered relation and, when so assembled, the top plate 23 is fitted over the upper ends thereof with the notch I4 in each stud intertted with a notch 25 in the sides of the plate 23. Thus it will be apparent that the several units are connectedV together in a firm and efllcient manner and it will be equally apparent that the several units may be separated quickly so that the entire structure may be dis-assembled if it is so desired for any reason whatsoever.

In Figs. '7, 8 and 9, there is shown a typical assembly in connection with a building having more than one story. I'I'he vertical studs I 0 are connected to the sill I9 in the manner heretofore pointed out and it is to be noted that the wing portions I2, I3 of the studs I0 are positioned on the outside of the sill and that the web portion I I of the studs extends within the space between the sides of the supporting sill. As stated before, these studs I0 are arranged in alternate and staggered relationship with one another, that is, one stud is secured to one side of the sill and then the next stud is secured to the opposite side of the sill in horizontally spaced relation with respect to the first stud. This arrangement is clearly shown in Fig. 9 and it will be apparent that there is thus provided a wall or similar structure wherein there is no direct contact between the studs themselves so that there is no direct conductive path and in this manner an effective insulation against the passage of heat and cold through the structure is prevented. Sheets of surfacing material may be secured to each face of the structure and for this purpose each angle portion IB of the members II serves, in conjunction with the wing portions I 2-, I3 of the stud I0, as a guide and securing device therefor. The edges of the surfacing sheets are fitted between the angle part I8 and the wings I2, I3 s o that the entire sheet is securely held in proper position without the necessity of employing any fastening devices. The surfacing sheets may be made of any suitable material, such as plaster board or the like. The space between the surfacing sheets and between the studs IU may be filled with any suitable insulating material or sound proofing material. In the construction of a multi-story building, as shownin Figs. '7 and 8, the several units are assembled and floor joists 30 are then secured to the top plates 23 and then the sills I9 are placed upon the joists in order to assemble the second floor.

It is, of course, obvious that different forms of structural members may be employed and that the thickness of the wall structure may be varied at will. Obviously H-beams may be employed as vertical studs as well as horizontal beams without departing from the scope of the invention. Other minor changes in the details of construction may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:-

1. In a wall construction, a vertical stud having flange and web portions, said web portion having a notch at the upper edge thereof and a notch at the lower edge thereof, an upper horizontal beam having a notch adapted to be intertted with the notch in the upper edge of said web portion, a lower horizontal beam having a notch adapted to be interftted with the notch in the lower edge of said beam, means including a retaining plate for locking the lower end of said stud to said lower beam, and an angle member secured to said web portion with an edge thereof spaced from said flange portion on said stud whereby a sheet of wall surfacing material may be inserted between said flange portion and the spaced edge of said angle member and held therein.

2. In building construction, avertical stud having flange and web portions, said web portion being provided with a notch in the upper edge thereof, and a notch in the lower edge thereof, an upper horizontal beam having a depending flange, said depending flange being provided with a notch to be intertted with the upper notch in said web portion, a lower horizontal beam having an upstanding ilange, said upstanding flange being provided with a notch to be interiltted with the lower notch in said web portion and a retaining plate having a notch in the bottom edge thereof adapted to fit over the bottom wall of the notch in said horizontal beam, said retaining plate adapted to be inserted between the notched edge of the lower beam flange and the adjacent face of said web portion whereby to hold the parts together.

3. In building construction, a vertical stud having flange and web portions, said web portion being provided with a notch in the upper edge thereof, a notch in the lower edge thereof and an opening above said lower notch, an upper horizontal beam having a dependingflange, said depending flange being provided with a notch to be interfitted with the upper notch in said web portion, a lower horizontal beam having an upstanding flange, said upstanding flange being provided with a notch to be interiltted with the lower notch in said web portion and a lug to be inserted in the opening in said web portion, and a retaining member having a notch in the bottom edge thereof adapted to fit over the lower wall of the notch in said horizontal beam,` said retaining member being insertable between a side wall of the notch in said horizontal beam and the face of said vertical stud for holding the lower edge of said vertical stud in position on said lower horizontal beam.

4. In a wall construction, a horizontal supporting sill having upstanding parallel side portions, said side portions being provided with a series of notches alternately spaced in eachy side portion and in staggered relationship, a plurality of vertical studs having a web and flange portions, each web having a notch opening at the upper edge thereof and a notch at the lower edge thereof, each of said vertical studs being positioned onY said sill with the lower notch inv the web being interfitted with a notch in the sides of said sill and with the flange portions of said studs disposed on the outside of said sill whereby the vertical studs are symmetrically spaced with respect to the notches in the sides of said sill, a top beam having depending parallel side portions, said side portions being provided with notches symmetrically spaced with respect to the notches in said sill, the notches in said top beam being adapted to be interfitted with the notches in the upper edge of the web of said stud, and a retaining plate adapted to be forced between the lower face of each web and the adjacent edge of the side of said sill.

5. In a wall construction, a horizontal supporting sill having upstanding parallel side portions, said side portions being provided with a series of notches alternately spaced therein in staggered relation, a lug protruding laterally into each of said notches and extending partially across the same, a plurality of vertical studs having a web and flange portions, each of said webs having a notch opening at the upper edge thereof, a notch opening at the lower edge thereof and an opening above the lower notch and extending through the web, each of said vertical studs being positioned on said sill with the flange portions thereof disposed on the outside of said sill and with the notch at the lower edge of said web interfltted with one of the notches in said sill and with a lug in the sill interengaged with the opening in said web, a retaining plate adapted to be forced between the edge of a notch in the sill and the face of said web and having a notch to be intertted With the base of the notch in the sill, and a top beam having depending parallel side portions, said side portions having notches spaced identically with the notches in said sill and the said notches in the top beam being intertted with the notches in the upper edges of said webs whereby to securely hold the parts together.

6. In a wall construction, a horizontal supporting sill having upstanding parallel side portions, said side portions being provided with a series of notches alternately spaced thereininstaggered relation, a lug protruding laterally into each of said notches and extending partially across the same, a plurality of vertical studs having a web and flange portions, each of said webs having a notch opening at the upper edge thereof, a notch opening at the lower edge thereof and an opening above the lower notch and extending through the web, each of said vertical studs being positioned on said sill with the ange portions thereof disposed on the outside of said sill and with the notch at the lower edge of said web intertted with one of the notches in said sill and with a lug in the sill interengaged with the opening in said web, a retaining plate adapted to be forced between the edge of a notch in the sill and the face of said web and having a notch to be intertted with the base of the notch in the sill, a top beam having depending parallel side portions, said side portions having notches spaced identically with the notches in said sill and the said notches in the top beam being intertted with the notches in the upper edges of said webs whereby to securely hold the p-arts together, and an angle member secured to each face of said web and having a portion thereof, parallel to and spaced from the iiange portions of the stud whereby a sheet of surfacing material may be inserted therebetween and held therein.

'7. In building construction, a vertical stud having a notch opening at the lower edge thereof and a notch opening at the upper edge thereof, an upper horizontal beam having a notch adapted to be intertted with the notch at the upper edge of said stud, a lower horizontal beam having a notch adapted to be intertted with the notch in the lower edge of said stud, and a retaining member having a notch in the lower edge thereof adapted to be fitted over the bottom wall of the notch in said horizontal beam and said retaining member adapted to t between one side wall on the notch in said horizontal beam and the face of said vertical stud whereby to secure the same together.

8. In a building construction, a vertical stud having flange and web portions, said web portion being provided with a notch in the lower edge thereof and a notch in the upper edge thereof, and an opening above the notch in the` lower edge, an upper horizontal beam having a depending flange, said depending flange being provided wlth a notch to be intertted with the notch in the upper edge of said vertical stud, a lower horizontal beam having an upstanding flange, said upstanding flange being provided with a notch of greater width than the thickness of the web portion of said vertical stud and a laterally projecting lug extending partially across said notch a distance not greater than the thickness of the web portion of. said vertical stud, the notch in the lower edge being adapted to be intertted with the notch in said upstanding flange with said lug extending into said opening in the vertical stud, and a retaining plate adapted to be inserted between the opposite edge of the notch in said upstanding flange and the face of said web portion whereby to hold said stud in locked position on said horizontal beam.

9. In building construction, a pair of structural members angularly disposed with respect to each other, each of said members having notches intertting with each other, the notch in one of said members being wider than the thickness of said other member and having a lug extending partly across the same, the other of said members having an aperture above the notch therein, said aperture being adapted to receive said lug, and a retaining plate intertted with said wider notch and disposed between the edge thereof and said other member whereby to hold said members in interlocked position.

l0. In building construction, a pair of structural members angularly disposed with respect to each other, each of said members having a notch intertting with a corresponding notch in the other of said members, the notch in one of said members being wider than the thickness of said other member and having a lug extending partly across the same, the other of said members having an aperture above the notch therein, said aperture being adapted to receive said lug whereby to lock said members together, and means for holding said members in interlocked position.

1l. In building construction, a pair of, structural members angularly disposed with respect to each other, each of said members having a notch interfitting with a corresponding notch in the other of said members, the notch in one of said members being wider than the thickness of said other member, and means including a retaining plate fitted within said wider notch for holding said structural members together.

ARTHUR N. DOUD. 

